Polysemy (from
Greek:
πολυ-,
poly-, "many" and
σῆμα,
sêma, "sign") is the capacity for a
sign (e.g., a word, phrase, etc.) or signs to have multiple related meanings (
sememes), i.e., a large
semantic field. It is usually regarded as distinct from
homonymy, in which the multiple meanings of a word may be unconnected or unrelated.
Charles Fillmore and Beryl Atkins’ definition stipulates three
elements: (i) the various senses of a polysemous word have a central
origin, (ii) the links between these senses form a network, and (iii)
understanding the ‘inner’ one contributes to understanding of the
‘outer’ one.
Polysemy is a pivotal concept within disciplines such as
media studies and
linguistics.